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IP Code testing is another name for IEC 60529 ingress protection testing. The main focus of the testing is how well an enclosure blocks liquids and solids. The IP Code consists of two digits together. The degree of protection from solid objects is indicated by the first number. Protection ratings, such as those for dust protection, may be included in this.
The second figure represents the level of liquid protection. Here is a chart that displays the IP Code rankings.
IP Rating | Size of Object Protected Against | Examples of Objects Protected Against |
IP 0X | No protection | None |
IP 1X | > 50 mm | Large surface of body, but not deliberate contact (back of hand vs finger) |
IP 2X | > 12.5 mm | Smaller objects and fingers |
IP 3X | > 2.5 mm | Thick wires or tools |
IP 4X | > 1 mm | Screws, nails, wires |
IP 5X | Dust protected | Some dust may enter, but cannot interfere with operation |
IP 6X | Dust tight | No ingress of dust at all |
The amount of ingress protection is specified in the NEMA 250 test standard. It also discusses the minimal specifications for enclosure design. Determining protection against solids and liquids is part of the electrical enclosure testing process, which pertains to the level of ingress protection.
Unlike IEC 60529, which provides an IP Code rating, NEMA 205 testing provides an enclosure rating. For national electrical manufacturers, this ranking is significant. It details the certification, testing, and NEMA type. The enclosure ratings and the corresponding protective needs are displayed in the chart below.
Type | Solid | Liquid |
Type 1 | Falling dirt | No protection |
Type 2 | Falling dirt | Dripping and light splashing water |
Type 5 | Falling dirt, settling airborne dust, fibers, flyings and lint | Dripping and light splashing water |
Type 12 | Falling dirt, circulating dust, fibers, flyings and lint | Dripping and light splashing water; seepage and light splashing of oil and non-corrosive coolants |
Type 13 | Falling dirt, circulating dust, fibers, flyings and lint | Dripping and light splashing water; seepage, light splashing and spraying of oil and non-corrosive coolants |
Type 3 | Windblown dust and falling dirt | Water from sleet, snow and windblown rain |
Type 3R | Falling dirt | Water from falling rain, sleet and snow |
Type 4 | Windblown dust and falling dirt | Water directed from a hose or from rain, sleet, snow and splashing water |
Type 4X | Windblown dust and falling dirt | Water directed from a hose or from rain, sleet, snow and splashing water; increased corrosion protection |
Type 6 | Falling dirt | Hose directed water and submersion that is temporary and at a limited depth |
Type 6P | Falling dirt | Hose directed water and submersion that is prolonged and at a limited depth |
Note that NEMA 250 Types 1, 2, 5, 12, and 13 are exclusively intended for indoor use. Every other variety is both indoors and outside. For marketing purposes, the NEMA electrical enclosure rating is frequently utilized. For many applications, cases with electrical enclosure certification and that pass the electrical enclosure water test are necessary.
Comparable to NEMA 250, UL 50 specifies protection levels and design requirements. In essence, it's an IP code for an electrical casing. The levels of protection from liquids and solids for each type of enclosure are listed in the chart below.
Type | Solid | Liquid |
Type 1 | Falling dirt | No protection |
Type 2 | Falling dirt | Dripping and light splashing water |
Type 5 | Falling dirt, settling airborne dust, fibers, flyings and lint | Dripping and light splashing water |
Type 12 | Falling dirt, circulating dust, fibers, flyings and lint | Dripping and light splashing water; seepage and light splashing of oil and non-corrosive coolants |
Type 13 | Falling dirt, circulating dust, fibers, flyings and lint | Dripping and light splashing water; seepage, light splashing and spraying of oil and non-corrosive coolants |
Type 3 | Windblown dust and falling dirt | Water from sleet, snow and windblown rain |
Type 3R | Falling dirt | Water from falling rain, sleet and snow |
Type 4 | Windblown dust and falling dirt | Water directed from a hose or from rain, sleet, snow and splashing water |
Type 4X | Windblown dust and falling dirt | Water directed from a hose or from rain, sleet, snow and splashing water; increased corrosion protection |
Type 6 | Falling dirt | Hose directed water and submersion that is temporary and at a limited depth |
Type 6P | Falling dirt | Hose directed water and submersion that is prolonged and at a limited depth |
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